Laser processing speed, the smaller range of the processing object heated and does not produce noise. The movement speed of the laser beam energy and beam can be adjusted so the laser processing can be applied to the different levels and scope. At present, the generally accepted principle of laser processing are two: laser thermal processing and photochemical processing (also known as cold). Laser thermal processing means when the laser beam to the surface, causing rapid heating, and thermal properties of an object changes or material melting evaporation. Thermal processing has a high energy density laser beam (which is a concentrated energy flow), and irradiation on the material surface, the surface absorption of laser energy. Supply green laser pointer to the customer according to the specific requirements.
Within the irradiated region, the thermal excitation process, so that the material surface (or coating) temperature rise, resulting in abnormal, such phenomena as melting, ablation, evaporation photochemical processing means when the laser beam and in the objects, high-density energy photon trigger or control The photochemical reaction process. cold with a high load energy (UV) photons, can interrupt the material (in particular, the chemical bonds within the organic material) or the surrounding medium, to make the material non-thermal process destruction. The cold laser marking processing has special significance, because it is not a thermal ablation, but does not produce side effects of the thermal damage, break chemical bonds the cold peel. The appearance, parameters or performances of laser pointer can be made specially.
Which the inner layer of the surface to be machined and the nearby area does not produce heating or thermal deformation of the role of the development of laser processing of the laser processing is a fast developing new technologies, has become the key technology and equipment to develop new industries and transform traditional manufacturing a. A variety of laser (marking, welding, fine-tuning, drilling, cutting, scribing, heat treatment) systems, equipment, have been or are entering in various industrial fields, such as electronics, light industry, packaging, gifts, hardware, industrial, medical equipment, automotive provide advanced technical equipment, machinery manufacturing, steel, metallurgy, oil, etc., for the modernization of the technological transformation of traditional industries and manufacturing. The appearance of green laser is of the special design.
In China there is a huge laser processing applications market, and global manufacturing base in this market due to China's accession to the WTO since the country is rapidly formed by the rapid growth. Domestic and foreign investors and the laser industry is a beachhead in this market. Therefore, China's laser processing technology market will grow rapidly, will accelerate the achievement of laser processing technology industry. At home and abroad in lasers and laser processing technology research and development, production and operation enterprises are facing a great opportunity and challenge. International market, according to the statistics of ILS, the output value of the global industrial laser systems in 1997, $ 2,063,000,000 to $ 2,338,000,000 in 1998, $ 2,591,000,000 in 1999, has maintained an annual growth rate from 1997 to 1999, output value of industrial laser systems about 13%. The parameter of usa green laser pointer has to be revised to the best situation.
2000 global industrial output value of the laser system is only $ 2.776 billion (about 22.9 billion yuan), its annual growth rate dropped to about 7% to start by the dot-com boom, the United States and worldwide economic recession. The economic recession in 2001 the semiconductor industry has been hit hard, semiconductor manufacturing, materials processing, marking and micromachining industries affected, such as excimer lasers for lithography equipment for semiconductor processing measurement system He- Ne laser sales in serious decline. In addition, due to the downturn in the telecommunications industry to make the fiber grating overproduction, leading to the excimer laser used in the manufacture of the grating, metal vapor laser, or argon ion lasers, there is no market. The performance of green laser pointer is in the best status.
Friday, March 9, 2012
The stop voltage of this kind of battery of usa green laser pointer is 2.0V
Other engineering plastics such as polyphenylene sulfide PPS and liquid crystal polymers, due to its low transmittance of the laser is not well suited for laser welding technology. So often in the underlying material, carbon black, so that it can absorb enough energy to meet the requirements of the laser transmission welding. Unfilled or glass fiber reinforced polymeric materials can be used for laser welding. The high glass content will scatter the IR laser to reduce beam penetration through the polymer. The colored plastic can be used for laser welding, but with the pigment or dye content increases, the penetration of the laser beam through the plastic will decline. The working temperature of the battery of green laser pointer is -10℃－+60℃.
Plastic laser welding equipment. The domestic plastic laser welding equipment is started, most of them at the exploratory stage. For example, the first production of laser welding machines, Wuhan laborers Laser Engineering Co., Ltd. launched a plastic welding machine using semiconductor lasers as light sources, according to the workpiece shape, respectively: plastic laser welding machine based on the galvanometer movement, the main for flat welding; three-dimensional movement of the electric table-based plastic laser welding machine is mainly used for welding of three-dimensional curve. Combined with customer product features all kinds of custom fixture, select the appropriate laser additive formulations, to provide customers with a turnkey project. Some attention should be paid to the use of the battery of laser pointer .
Broken down by welding plastic laser welding, the following four types: sequential contour welding (contour welding): the contour laser welding along the plastic layers move and it melted the plastic layer gradually bonded together; will be laminated along the fixed laser beam moves to achieve the purpose of welding. Synchronous welding (simultaneous welding): from multiple diode laser beam to be directed along the contour line of the welded layer, and melt the plastic, making the entire outline to melt and bond together. Quasi-simultaneous welding (of Quasi-simultaneous welding): This technology is a combination of the two welding technology. The use of mirrors to produce a high-speed laser beam (at least 10 m / sec), and move along the parts to be welded. The storage temperature of the battery of green laser is -10℃－+45℃.
Makes the whole welding gradually warming up and fusing together. Welding mask (mask welding): positioning the laser beam through the template, melting and bonding of plastic, the template is only exposed plastic layer below a small, precise welding position. Using this technique can achieve high-precision welding as low as 10 microns. Figure 3: Sequential contour welding, simultaneous welding and quasi-simultaneous welding technology (left to right). Globo Welding (GLOBO Welding): along the outline contour of the product to be welded, it is the company's patented technology of Ruishilaidan (of Leister Process Technologies). Laser beam through the air cushion can be no arbitrary rolling friction of the glass ball point-like style to focus on the welding interface, the glass ball is not only focused but also act as a mechanical clamping fixture. The stop voltage of this kind of battery of usa green laser pointer is 2.0V.
When the ball rolling on the surface, the joints to provide sustained pressure. This ensures that the laser heating of the material while under pressure clamping. The glass sphere replaces the mechanical fixture, while expanding the scope of application of laser welding in continuous three-dimensional welding. The pros and cons of plastic laser welding technology. The laser welding technique is a cluster strong radiation is usually found in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, melting the plastic of the connector area. Used in the absorption characteristics of the type of laser and plastic determines the extent possible welding. We need to understand and skilled application of plastic laser welding technology, its pros and cons analysis is indispensable. The following is the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of plastic welding technology. The name of this kind of battery of green laser pointer is the Li-ion battery.
Plastic laser welding equipment. The domestic plastic laser welding equipment is started, most of them at the exploratory stage. For example, the first production of laser welding machines, Wuhan laborers Laser Engineering Co., Ltd. launched a plastic welding machine using semiconductor lasers as light sources, according to the workpiece shape, respectively: plastic laser welding machine based on the galvanometer movement, the main for flat welding; three-dimensional movement of the electric table-based plastic laser welding machine is mainly used for welding of three-dimensional curve. Combined with customer product features all kinds of custom fixture, select the appropriate laser additive formulations, to provide customers with a turnkey project. Some attention should be paid to the use of the battery of laser pointer .
Broken down by welding plastic laser welding, the following four types: sequential contour welding (contour welding): the contour laser welding along the plastic layers move and it melted the plastic layer gradually bonded together; will be laminated along the fixed laser beam moves to achieve the purpose of welding. Synchronous welding (simultaneous welding): from multiple diode laser beam to be directed along the contour line of the welded layer, and melt the plastic, making the entire outline to melt and bond together. Quasi-simultaneous welding (of Quasi-simultaneous welding): This technology is a combination of the two welding technology. The use of mirrors to produce a high-speed laser beam (at least 10 m / sec), and move along the parts to be welded. The storage temperature of the battery of green laser is -10℃－+45℃.
Makes the whole welding gradually warming up and fusing together. Welding mask (mask welding): positioning the laser beam through the template, melting and bonding of plastic, the template is only exposed plastic layer below a small, precise welding position. Using this technique can achieve high-precision welding as low as 10 microns. Figure 3: Sequential contour welding, simultaneous welding and quasi-simultaneous welding technology (left to right). Globo Welding (GLOBO Welding): along the outline contour of the product to be welded, it is the company's patented technology of Ruishilaidan (of Leister Process Technologies). Laser beam through the air cushion can be no arbitrary rolling friction of the glass ball point-like style to focus on the welding interface, the glass ball is not only focused but also act as a mechanical clamping fixture. The stop voltage of this kind of battery of usa green laser pointer is 2.0V.
When the ball rolling on the surface, the joints to provide sustained pressure. This ensures that the laser heating of the material while under pressure clamping. The glass sphere replaces the mechanical fixture, while expanding the scope of application of laser welding in continuous three-dimensional welding. The pros and cons of plastic laser welding technology. The laser welding technique is a cluster strong radiation is usually found in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, melting the plastic of the connector area. Used in the absorption characteristics of the type of laser and plastic determines the extent possible welding. We need to understand and skilled application of plastic laser welding technology, its pros and cons analysis is indispensable. The following is the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of plastic welding technology. The name of this kind of battery of green laser pointer is the Li-ion battery.
Wednesday, March 7, 2012
Most of green laser pointer are wrapped with plastic or metal
The principle of laser welding. Laser welding can be achieved using continuous or pulsed laser beam, the principle of laser welding can be divided into the heat conduction welding and laser deep penetration welding. Power density of less than 104 ~ 105 W/cm2, the heat conduction welding, the melt depth, the welding speed is slow; power density greater than 105 ~ 107 W/cm2, when the metal surface to heat the role concave into a "hole" to form a deep penetration , welding speed, aspect ratio features. The heat conduction laser welding principle as follows: laser radiation heating to be processed surface, the surface heat transfer through the heat transfer-oriented internal diffusion, by controlling the laser pulse width, energy, peak power and repetition frequency of laser parameters. green laser pointer can remotely turn over the pieces of page of the documents in computers.
So that the workpiece to melt, the formation of specific bath. Gear welding and metallurgy sheet metal welding laser welding machine is mainly involved in laser deep penetration welding. The following highlights the principle of laser deep penetration welding. Deep penetration laser welding is generally a continuous laser beam to complete the connection of the material, metallurgical physical processes of electron beam welding is very similar to the energy conversion mechanism is accomplished through the "holes" (Key-hole) structure. In a sufficiently high power density laser irradiation, the material evaporation and the formation of holes. The hole full of steam like a blackbody, including nearly all of the incident beam energy, the hole cavity equilibrium temperature of 25 0C, and the heat from high temperature hole cavity outer wall to pass out, so that the molten metal around the hole cavity surrounded. Remote control technology is adopted for laser pointer .
Holes filled with wall material in the beam by the continuous evaporation produced high-temperature steam, and small hole walls surrounded by molten metal, liquid metal is surrounded by solid material (and in most of the conventional welding process and laser conduction welding, the energy is first deposited in workpiece surface, and then transported to rely on passing internal). Hole wall outside the liquid flow and parietal surface tension and hole cavity continuous steam pressure stalemate and maintain homeostasis. Beam continuously into the holes, holes outside of the material in a continuous flow, with the beam move the holes is always in the flow of steady-state. That is, the holes and around the hole wall of the molten metal to move forward with the leading beam forward speed, the molten metal filling the void left by the holes away and followed by condensation, so the formation of weld. There is no need for green laser to install any drive.
The above process all of this happened so fast, so that the welding speed can easily reach several meters per minute. The deep penetration laser welding process parameters. The laser power. Laser welding, a laser energy density threshold, below this value, the penetration depth is very shallow, once they reach or exceed this value, the penetration will be greatly improved. Only when the laser power density on the workpiece exceeds the threshold (and related materials), the plasma will produce, which marks the stable deep penetration carried out. If the laser power is below this threshold, the workpiece surface melting occurs only, that is welded to the stability of heat conduction. When the laser power density is near the critical condition of the holes formed, deep penetration and conduction welding alternately become unstable welding process, resulting in the penetration depth fluctuations. usa green laser pointer can show the pictures on the projection screen.
Laser deep penetration, the laser power while controlling the penetration depth and welding speed. Welding penetration is directly related to the beam power density, and is a function of incident beam power and beam focal spot. In general, the increase of a certain diameter of the laser beam penetration with the beam power is increased. Beam focal spot. The beam spot size of laser welding one of the most important variable, because it determines the power density. For high-power laser, its measurement is a problem, despite a lot of indirect measurement techniques. Diffraction limit of the beam focus spot size based on light diffraction theory calculations, but due to the existence of the focusing lens aberrations, the actual spot than the calculated value is too large. Most of green laser pointer are wrapped with plastic or metal.
So that the workpiece to melt, the formation of specific bath. Gear welding and metallurgy sheet metal welding laser welding machine is mainly involved in laser deep penetration welding. The following highlights the principle of laser deep penetration welding. Deep penetration laser welding is generally a continuous laser beam to complete the connection of the material, metallurgical physical processes of electron beam welding is very similar to the energy conversion mechanism is accomplished through the "holes" (Key-hole) structure. In a sufficiently high power density laser irradiation, the material evaporation and the formation of holes. The hole full of steam like a blackbody, including nearly all of the incident beam energy, the hole cavity equilibrium temperature of 25 0C, and the heat from high temperature hole cavity outer wall to pass out, so that the molten metal around the hole cavity surrounded. Remote control technology is adopted for laser pointer .
Holes filled with wall material in the beam by the continuous evaporation produced high-temperature steam, and small hole walls surrounded by molten metal, liquid metal is surrounded by solid material (and in most of the conventional welding process and laser conduction welding, the energy is first deposited in workpiece surface, and then transported to rely on passing internal). Hole wall outside the liquid flow and parietal surface tension and hole cavity continuous steam pressure stalemate and maintain homeostasis. Beam continuously into the holes, holes outside of the material in a continuous flow, with the beam move the holes is always in the flow of steady-state. That is, the holes and around the hole wall of the molten metal to move forward with the leading beam forward speed, the molten metal filling the void left by the holes away and followed by condensation, so the formation of weld. There is no need for green laser to install any drive.
The above process all of this happened so fast, so that the welding speed can easily reach several meters per minute. The deep penetration laser welding process parameters. The laser power. Laser welding, a laser energy density threshold, below this value, the penetration depth is very shallow, once they reach or exceed this value, the penetration will be greatly improved. Only when the laser power density on the workpiece exceeds the threshold (and related materials), the plasma will produce, which marks the stable deep penetration carried out. If the laser power is below this threshold, the workpiece surface melting occurs only, that is welded to the stability of heat conduction. When the laser power density is near the critical condition of the holes formed, deep penetration and conduction welding alternately become unstable welding process, resulting in the penetration depth fluctuations. usa green laser pointer can show the pictures on the projection screen.
Laser deep penetration, the laser power while controlling the penetration depth and welding speed. Welding penetration is directly related to the beam power density, and is a function of incident beam power and beam focal spot. In general, the increase of a certain diameter of the laser beam penetration with the beam power is increased. Beam focal spot. The beam spot size of laser welding one of the most important variable, because it determines the power density. For high-power laser, its measurement is a problem, despite a lot of indirect measurement techniques. Diffraction limit of the beam focus spot size based on light diffraction theory calculations, but due to the existence of the focusing lens aberrations, the actual spot than the calculated value is too large. Most of green laser pointer are wrapped with plastic or metal.
Tuesday, March 6, 2012
The rated capacity of this kind of battery of green laser is 1400mAh
Get high pulse peak power (108W), applicable to the laser processing applications requiring high peak power; another big advantage is that through the optical fiber transmission, avoiding the complex transmission design of the optical path in three-dimensional processing is very useful. In addition, technology by the third harmonic of the laser wavelength is converted to 355nm (UV) laser three-dimensional shape technology. 2) of CO2 laser CO2 laser laser material for CO2 gas mixture, its main applications of the laser wavelength of 10.6 μ m. Due to higher laser conversion efficiency of the laser, the heat generated by the laser work by convection or diffusion rapid transfer to the outside of the laser gain region, laser average output power can be done to a very high level (10 000 watts or more) to meet high-power laser processing requirements. The standard working voltage of this kind of battery of green laser pointer is 3.0V.
Domestic and foreign high-power CO2 lasers used for laser processing, mainly cross-flow, axial flow lasers. Cross-flow lasers: the cross-flow laser beam quality is not good for multi-mode output, mainly for heat treatment and welding. China has been able to produce a variety of high-power transverse flow CO2 laser line can meet the needs of the domestic laser heat treatment and welding. Axial flow lasers: Axial laser beam quality is better, for the fundamental mode or quasi-mode output, mainly for laser cutting and welding, laser cutting equipment in China market is mainly occupied by foreign axial flow laser. The stop voltage of this kind of battery of laser pointer is 2.0V.
Although the domestic laser manufacturers in foreign countries on the axial-flow lasers do a lot of work, but needs to import the main parts, the price is difficult to a significant decline, the penetration rate is low. Wuhan the bleomycin Technology Development Co., Ltd. has developed a cyclone CO2 laser, shown in Figure 1, a new type of rotating gas flow pattern, swirl CO2 laser with axial flow CO2 laser beam quality and cross-flow CO2 laser cost low, small advantages. Promote the application of the industrial processing lasers, the development and popularity of laser processing industry in China will play a positive role in promoting. Mold laser manufacturing. Laser indirectly into a three-dimensional light form of molding 1 (Stereo Lithography Apparatus, referred to as SLAs). The rated capacity of this kind of battery of green laser is 1400mAh.
The process is the use of ultraviolet laser beam layer by layer scanning method of light curing adhesive to form a three-dimensional solid workpiece. In 1986, 3D Systems, Inc. introduced a commercialization prototype SLAs-1. SLA process of the highest precision can reach 0.05mm. The ② thin-layer laminated manufacturing (Laminated Object Manufacturing, referred to as LOM) technology thin-film materials such as paper, plastic film, developed in 1986 by the American company Helisys success. By repeated CO2 laser cutting and material paste, layered manufacturing entity workpiece. The LOM process is suitable for the manufacture of large parts, its accuracy of 0.1mm. ③ Selective Laser Sintering (Selective Laser Sintering or SLS) process is the use of powder-like material forming. 1400mAh is the working current of the battery of usa green laser pointer to some extent.
Successfully developed in 1989 by the American University of Texas at Austin, scan high-intensity CO2 laser layer sintering materials, powders and the formation of three-dimensional workpiece, the biggest advantages of the SLS process is more extensive selection. Of the three laser rapid prototyping technology at home and abroad have been more widely used due to the development of a long time, the technology is relatively mature. Three-dimensional workpiece formed by the above method can not be directly used as a mold, the need for subsequent processing, so called laser indirectly into the molding. The main approach: rapid prototyping of the workpiece handling used as a mold. LOM production of paper mold surface treatment instead of sand casting wood mold. The capacity of green laser pointer can determine the life time of the battery.
Domestic and foreign high-power CO2 lasers used for laser processing, mainly cross-flow, axial flow lasers. Cross-flow lasers: the cross-flow laser beam quality is not good for multi-mode output, mainly for heat treatment and welding. China has been able to produce a variety of high-power transverse flow CO2 laser line can meet the needs of the domestic laser heat treatment and welding. Axial flow lasers: Axial laser beam quality is better, for the fundamental mode or quasi-mode output, mainly for laser cutting and welding, laser cutting equipment in China market is mainly occupied by foreign axial flow laser. The stop voltage of this kind of battery of laser pointer is 2.0V.
Although the domestic laser manufacturers in foreign countries on the axial-flow lasers do a lot of work, but needs to import the main parts, the price is difficult to a significant decline, the penetration rate is low. Wuhan the bleomycin Technology Development Co., Ltd. has developed a cyclone CO2 laser, shown in Figure 1, a new type of rotating gas flow pattern, swirl CO2 laser with axial flow CO2 laser beam quality and cross-flow CO2 laser cost low, small advantages. Promote the application of the industrial processing lasers, the development and popularity of laser processing industry in China will play a positive role in promoting. Mold laser manufacturing. Laser indirectly into a three-dimensional light form of molding 1 (Stereo Lithography Apparatus, referred to as SLAs). The rated capacity of this kind of battery of green laser is 1400mAh.
The process is the use of ultraviolet laser beam layer by layer scanning method of light curing adhesive to form a three-dimensional solid workpiece. In 1986, 3D Systems, Inc. introduced a commercialization prototype SLAs-1. SLA process of the highest precision can reach 0.05mm. The ② thin-layer laminated manufacturing (Laminated Object Manufacturing, referred to as LOM) technology thin-film materials such as paper, plastic film, developed in 1986 by the American company Helisys success. By repeated CO2 laser cutting and material paste, layered manufacturing entity workpiece. The LOM process is suitable for the manufacture of large parts, its accuracy of 0.1mm. ③ Selective Laser Sintering (Selective Laser Sintering or SLS) process is the use of powder-like material forming. 1400mAh is the working current of the battery of usa green laser pointer to some extent.
Successfully developed in 1989 by the American University of Texas at Austin, scan high-intensity CO2 laser layer sintering materials, powders and the formation of three-dimensional workpiece, the biggest advantages of the SLS process is more extensive selection. Of the three laser rapid prototyping technology at home and abroad have been more widely used due to the development of a long time, the technology is relatively mature. Three-dimensional workpiece formed by the above method can not be directly used as a mold, the need for subsequent processing, so called laser indirectly into the molding. The main approach: rapid prototyping of the workpiece handling used as a mold. LOM production of paper mold surface treatment instead of sand casting wood mold. The capacity of green laser pointer can determine the life time of the battery.
Monday, March 5, 2012
The director determines the unit price of laser pointer
Amplification of the signal processing circuit using the same relative proportion of operations, for a fixed gain. Signal shaping treatment using comparator MAX913, positive terminal of the input signal, negative termination power, adjustable via potentiometer voltage, as a comparison voltage, the pulse signal to extract clean and to improve the measurement accuracy. In pulsed laser ranging, due to atmospheric turbulence, with the aim jitter, target attitude change will be the introduction of the echo signal amplitude to be determined goal of rapid small-scale fluctuations. The resulting current through the avalanche diode amplifier amplified to a final voltage comparator to generate timing point. The unaccepted usa green laser pointer should be handled carefully.
At the same time, the time must be used to identify the appropriate technology to reduce the magnitude of this as the introduction of random jitter and timing errors. Time to identify the circuit main role is to amplifier output signal in real-time monitoring, the system generates the start signal and synchronization signal. Mainly by the high-speed comparator circuit, and its subsidiaries. Gaussian pulse input signal is divided into two: the way through the delay circuit delay increases for high-speed comparator noninverting input, plus another path attenuation circuit for high-speed comparator's inverting input of comparator transitions occur in two The input signal to change the relative size of the moment, the role of the threshold comparator is larger than a specified threshold to the signal at the output corresponding to the output signal, which prevents noise nuisance tripping, reducing the false alarm rate system. The price negotiation of green laser is indispensable before achieving a good price of green laser pointer .
Attenuation of the delay circuit design: signal after a certain device and transmission line after a slight time delay of total, high-speed analog signal delay is generally achieved through the transmission line. Designed to consider the capacitance and resistance, RC delay circuit to achieve the signal delay. Specific circuit is as follows: As space technology and aerospace industries. Distance measurement has become an important field of space research. Conventional radar range in space vulnerable to high-energy particles and electromagnetic interference, measurement accuracy is low, can not meet the requirements of high-precision measurements. Space air is thin, sharp temperature changes, can not be ultrasonic range. The production preparation of green laser pointer should be done before manufacture.
So. Need a suitable distance measure the space environment, anti-interference ability and high precision ranging method. Automatic laser ranging technology is a non-contact measurement method is not sensitive to electromagnetic interference, anti-interference ability, high measurement accuracy. Compared with the general optical ranging technology, it is easy to operate, the system simple and can work day and night advantage. Compared with the radar ranging, laser ranging has a good anti-jamming and high precision. In the repeat distance at the same time, the small laser beam scanning of space, while access to the target distance, angle and speed information, which is the laser radar. Laser radar can achieve a lot less than the traditional Lei Dada performance requirements. Laser divergence angle is small, the energy concentration. The director determines the unit price of laser pointer .
To achieve high detection sensitivity and resolution; its extremely short wavelength makes antenna and system size can be very small, these are unmatched by conventional radar. Compared with microwave radar, laser range finder direction, small size and light weight. Ideal for carrying on the spacecraft for space target distance measurement. Laser ranging technology combines laser technology, photon detection technology, signal processing and many other technologies. Ranging accuracy. Measurement range, high reliability, high accuracy to meet the target space, a large measurement range distance requirements. In the space measurement has been applied widely. Another new batch of green laser pointer needs to be completed in one week.
At the same time, the time must be used to identify the appropriate technology to reduce the magnitude of this as the introduction of random jitter and timing errors. Time to identify the circuit main role is to amplifier output signal in real-time monitoring, the system generates the start signal and synchronization signal. Mainly by the high-speed comparator circuit, and its subsidiaries. Gaussian pulse input signal is divided into two: the way through the delay circuit delay increases for high-speed comparator noninverting input, plus another path attenuation circuit for high-speed comparator's inverting input of comparator transitions occur in two The input signal to change the relative size of the moment, the role of the threshold comparator is larger than a specified threshold to the signal at the output corresponding to the output signal, which prevents noise nuisance tripping, reducing the false alarm rate system. The price negotiation of green laser is indispensable before achieving a good price of green laser pointer .
Attenuation of the delay circuit design: signal after a certain device and transmission line after a slight time delay of total, high-speed analog signal delay is generally achieved through the transmission line. Designed to consider the capacitance and resistance, RC delay circuit to achieve the signal delay. Specific circuit is as follows: As space technology and aerospace industries. Distance measurement has become an important field of space research. Conventional radar range in space vulnerable to high-energy particles and electromagnetic interference, measurement accuracy is low, can not meet the requirements of high-precision measurements. Space air is thin, sharp temperature changes, can not be ultrasonic range. The production preparation of green laser pointer should be done before manufacture.
So. Need a suitable distance measure the space environment, anti-interference ability and high precision ranging method. Automatic laser ranging technology is a non-contact measurement method is not sensitive to electromagnetic interference, anti-interference ability, high measurement accuracy. Compared with the general optical ranging technology, it is easy to operate, the system simple and can work day and night advantage. Compared with the radar ranging, laser ranging has a good anti-jamming and high precision. In the repeat distance at the same time, the small laser beam scanning of space, while access to the target distance, angle and speed information, which is the laser radar. Laser radar can achieve a lot less than the traditional Lei Dada performance requirements. Laser divergence angle is small, the energy concentration. The director determines the unit price of laser pointer .
To achieve high detection sensitivity and resolution; its extremely short wavelength makes antenna and system size can be very small, these are unmatched by conventional radar. Compared with microwave radar, laser range finder direction, small size and light weight. Ideal for carrying on the spacecraft for space target distance measurement. Laser ranging technology combines laser technology, photon detection technology, signal processing and many other technologies. Ranging accuracy. Measurement range, high reliability, high accuracy to meet the target space, a large measurement range distance requirements. In the space measurement has been applied widely. Another new batch of green laser pointer needs to be completed in one week.
Sunday, March 4, 2012
The superiorities of usa green laser pointer are as follows
Alignment adapter ceramic tube with compressed air cleaning, compressed air tank nozzle, the compressed air blown into the ceramic tube cleaning; skim alcohol sliver cleaning, alcohol sliver careful penetration of the ceramic tube cleaning. Attention to the penetration direction of the sliver of alcohol should always be consistent, otherwise it may not be able to reach the desired cleaning effect. The process of using the optical transmitter, optical transmitter is abnormal, you should carefully analyze the reasons, do not be easily identified as the optical transmitter is damaged due; for problems that may arise in the work process of the optical transmitter, the paper be summarized as follows: equipment power, the front panel display and the lights are off. Switching power supply does not start properly, and equipment within the DC power supply is not normal. green laser pointer adopts the ID code encrypted transmission technology.
Check that the power supply is normal (AC160V ~ 250V), such as the supply voltage is normal, it may be a switching power supply module failure. Equipment connected to the power supply, front panel display shows the output optical power and laser status lights are normal, but measured the output optical power is low. Test jumpers poor quality. Optical active connector or adapter that may be contaminated. Adapter inside the ceramic tube may have been broken. The replacement of a good quality test jumpers. Cleaning contaminated live fiber optic connector or adapter. Specific methods of operation see "Optical fiber connector cleaning and maintenance." Replace the damaged adapter. After the opening of the network, the image of the light junction of the highlights of the obvious reticulate or large particles. The superiorities of usa green laser pointer are as follows.
Optical contact at the received optical power is too high, so that the optical receiver module output level is too high, and RF signal the intermodulation indicators of deterioration. Input optical transmitter RF signal is too high, beyond the device itself AGC control range, intermodulation index variation. The input RF signal of the optical transmitter intermodulation index itself is poor. Check the light contact at the received optical power, and make appropriate adjustments. Check the RF signal input level of the optical transmitter, and adjust to the input range of equipment requirements. (RF signal input level should be 72 ~ 88dBμV). Check the input RF signal of the optical transmitter intermodulation indicators and make appropriate adjustments. Network after the opening, the optical image of the contact at the apparent noise. Here will introduce the multi-function of green laser pointer .
The received optical power of the optical contact is not enough to cause the carrier to noise decreased. Input optical transmitter RF signal level is too low, enough so that the laser modulation. The system links the signal carrier to noise than the target is too low. By the method of cleaning optical fiber connector or adapter to restore the received optical power of the optical contact. Specific methods of operation see "Optical fiber connector cleaning and maintenance." Check the input RF signal level of the optical transmitter, and adjust to the equipment requirements of the input range (72 ~ 88dBμV). Spectrum analysis instrument inspection system link carrier to noise ratio, and adjusted if appropriate, to ensure the link signal carrier to noise ratio (C / N) is greater than 51dB. green laser pointer has the integrated functions.
Check that the power supply is normal (AC160V ~ 250V), such as the supply voltage is normal, it may be a switching power supply module failure. Equipment connected to the power supply, front panel display shows the output optical power and laser status lights are normal, but measured the output optical power is low. Test jumpers poor quality. Optical active connector or adapter that may be contaminated. Adapter inside the ceramic tube may have been broken. The replacement of a good quality test jumpers. Cleaning contaminated live fiber optic connector or adapter. Specific methods of operation see "Optical fiber connector cleaning and maintenance." Replace the damaged adapter. After the opening of the network, the image of the light junction of the highlights of the obvious reticulate or large particles. The superiorities of usa green laser pointer are as follows.
Optical contact at the received optical power is too high, so that the optical receiver module output level is too high, and RF signal the intermodulation indicators of deterioration. Input optical transmitter RF signal is too high, beyond the device itself AGC control range, intermodulation index variation. The input RF signal of the optical transmitter intermodulation index itself is poor. Check the light contact at the received optical power, and make appropriate adjustments. Check the RF signal input level of the optical transmitter, and adjust to the input range of equipment requirements. (RF signal input level should be 72 ~ 88dBμV). Check the input RF signal of the optical transmitter intermodulation indicators and make appropriate adjustments. Network after the opening, the optical image of the contact at the apparent noise. Here will introduce the multi-function of green laser pointer .
The received optical power of the optical contact is not enough to cause the carrier to noise decreased. Input optical transmitter RF signal level is too low, enough so that the laser modulation. The system links the signal carrier to noise than the target is too low. By the method of cleaning optical fiber connector or adapter to restore the received optical power of the optical contact. Specific methods of operation see "Optical fiber connector cleaning and maintenance." Check the input RF signal level of the optical transmitter, and adjust to the equipment requirements of the input range (72 ~ 88dBμV). Spectrum analysis instrument inspection system link carrier to noise ratio, and adjusted if appropriate, to ensure the link signal carrier to noise ratio (C / N) is greater than 51dB. green laser pointer has the integrated functions.
Green laser pointer has the laser indicating function
Laser theory of phase transitions according to the principle of hardened steel: steel is heated in the solid state to the critical temperature Ac3 or Ac1 above a certain temperature (50 to 100 ° C), and after a period of time greater than the critical speed the rate of cooling at that temperature to maintain the Malaysian Golgi (or bainite) heat treatment process called quenching, shown in Figure 1 as shown in Curve 2. The steel is heated to the austenite is transformed to obtain the critical temperature (Ac3 or the Ac1) The above austenite, the purpose of insulation is to make the organization fully austenitic and martensite, and then to the cooling rate is greater than the critical quenching speed. Compared with conventional hardening, laser hardening the heating rate, there is no insulation process, uniform organization reach equilibrium state. green laser pointer has the laser indicating function.
Ideal quench process in Figure 2 in curve 2: 650 ℃ or above should be slowly cooled to minimize the quenching of the thermal stress; the rapid cooling between 650 ~ 400 ° C, through the most unstable regions of austenite. avoid pearlite or bainite. Near the Ms temperature region below 400 ℃, it should be slowly cooled in order to minimize the martensitic transformation of stress. This ensures that the conditions of access to martensite, reduce the stress of quenched to avoid workpiece deformation or cracking. The characteristics of the laser quench to stop heating the moment the temperature reaches the highest, then cooled to 104 ~ 105 ° C / s cooling rate, is much larger than the maximum cooling rate (2000 ° C / s, and 2830 ° C / s) quenching medium for saline or alkaline. usa green laser pointer is the handheld devices.
According to the relationship between cooling rate and time can be inferred that the laser quenching the cooling curve of the steel ideal for quenching the left side of the cooling curve, curve 1 in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the organization close to the equilibrium state with temperature and alloy composition on the thermodynamics of iron-carbon alloy phase diagram. With slow heating rate of heating up the steel austenitic, can reach the level of close to balance. Austenite is generated generated by the nucleation and growth of carbide dissolution and austenite grain growth, are dominated by the diffusion process. In the laser heating process, when the heating rate is high enough (greater than 400 ~ 500 ° C / s). green laser pointer can serve as laser indicators.
Iron and steel ferrite phase α can occur at a critical temperature (about 900 ° C) the reverse transformation of the martensitic transformation shear moment generated and its the same composition as the austenite phase of γ, namely to follow the non-proliferation changes in the law. Austenite formation kinetics shows that the austenite nucleation rate and growth velocity increases with increasing temperature of austenite in steel, and thus the laser rapid heating conditions, the austenite-shaped nuclear pole high. 1.2 laser phase transformation hardening characteristics of 1) laser transformation hardening is mainly used in surface treatment, compared with other surface treatment methods have the following characteristics: (1) high energy density laser beam on the workpiece surface, quick heating, quick cooling, quenching hard layer of martensite is relatively small, 5% -20% higher hardness than the conventional quenching. green laser pointer also can remotely control to turn over the pieces of page of documents.
Ideal quench process in Figure 2 in curve 2: 650 ℃ or above should be slowly cooled to minimize the quenching of the thermal stress; the rapid cooling between 650 ~ 400 ° C, through the most unstable regions of austenite. avoid pearlite or bainite. Near the Ms temperature region below 400 ℃, it should be slowly cooled in order to minimize the martensitic transformation of stress. This ensures that the conditions of access to martensite, reduce the stress of quenched to avoid workpiece deformation or cracking. The characteristics of the laser quench to stop heating the moment the temperature reaches the highest, then cooled to 104 ~ 105 ° C / s cooling rate, is much larger than the maximum cooling rate (2000 ° C / s, and 2830 ° C / s) quenching medium for saline or alkaline. usa green laser pointer is the handheld devices.
According to the relationship between cooling rate and time can be inferred that the laser quenching the cooling curve of the steel ideal for quenching the left side of the cooling curve, curve 1 in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the organization close to the equilibrium state with temperature and alloy composition on the thermodynamics of iron-carbon alloy phase diagram. With slow heating rate of heating up the steel austenitic, can reach the level of close to balance. Austenite is generated generated by the nucleation and growth of carbide dissolution and austenite grain growth, are dominated by the diffusion process. In the laser heating process, when the heating rate is high enough (greater than 400 ~ 500 ° C / s). green laser pointer can serve as laser indicators.
Iron and steel ferrite phase α can occur at a critical temperature (about 900 ° C) the reverse transformation of the martensitic transformation shear moment generated and its the same composition as the austenite phase of γ, namely to follow the non-proliferation changes in the law. Austenite formation kinetics shows that the austenite nucleation rate and growth velocity increases with increasing temperature of austenite in steel, and thus the laser rapid heating conditions, the austenite-shaped nuclear pole high. 1.2 laser phase transformation hardening characteristics of 1) laser transformation hardening is mainly used in surface treatment, compared with other surface treatment methods have the following characteristics: (1) high energy density laser beam on the workpiece surface, quick heating, quick cooling, quenching hard layer of martensite is relatively small, 5% -20% higher hardness than the conventional quenching. green laser pointer also can remotely control to turn over the pieces of page of documents.
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