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Laser theory of phase transitions according to the principle of hardened steel: steel is heated in the solid state to the critical temperature Ac3 or Ac1 above a certain temperature (50 to 100 ° C), and after a period of time greater than the critical speed the rate of cooling at that temperature to maintain the Malaysian Golgi (or bainite) heat treatment process called quenching, shown in Figure 1 as shown in Curve 2. The steel is heated to the austenite is transformed to obtain the critical temperature (Ac3 or the Ac1) The above austenite, the purpose of insulation is to make the organization fully austenitic and martensite, and then to the cooling rate is greater than the critical quenching speed. Compared with conventional hardening, laser hardening the heating rate, there is no insulation process, uniform organization reach equilibrium state.   green laser pointer   has the laser indicating function.
Ideal quench process in Figure 2 in curve 2: 650 ℃ or above should be slowly cooled to minimize the quenching of the thermal stress; the rapid cooling between 650 ~ 400 ° C, through the most unstable regions of austenite. avoid pearlite or bainite. Near the Ms temperature region below 400 ℃, it should be slowly cooled in order to minimize the martensitic transformation of stress. This ensures that the conditions of access to martensite, reduce the stress of quenched to avoid workpiece deformation or cracking. The characteristics of the laser quench to stop heating the moment the temperature reaches the highest, then cooled to 104 ~ 105 ° C / s cooling rate, is much larger than the maximum cooling rate (2000 ° C / s, and 2830 ° C / s) quenching medium for saline or alkaline.  usa green laser pointer  is the handheld devices.
According to the relationship between cooling rate and time can be inferred that the laser quenching the cooling curve of the steel ideal for quenching the left side of the cooling curve, curve 1 in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the organization close to the equilibrium state with temperature and alloy composition on the thermodynamics of iron-carbon alloy phase diagram. With slow heating rate of heating up the steel austenitic, can reach the level of close to balance. Austenite is generated generated by the nucleation and growth of carbide dissolution and austenite grain growth, are dominated by the diffusion process. In the laser heating process, when the heating rate is high enough (greater than 400 ~ 500 ° C / s).   green laser pointer   can serve as laser indicators.
Iron and steel ferrite phase α can occur at a critical temperature (about 900 ° C) the reverse transformation of the martensitic transformation shear moment generated and its the same composition as the austenite phase of γ, namely to follow the non-proliferation changes in the law. Austenite formation kinetics shows that the austenite nucleation rate and growth velocity increases with increasing temperature of austenite in steel, and thus the laser rapid heating conditions, the austenite-shaped nuclear pole high. 1.2 laser phase transformation hardening characteristics of 1) laser transformation hardening is mainly used in surface treatment, compared with other surface treatment methods have the following characteristics: (1) high energy density laser beam on the workpiece surface, quick heating, quick cooling, quenching hard layer of martensite is relatively small, 5% -20% higher hardness than the conventional quenching.   green laser pointer  also can remotely control to turn over the pieces of page of documents.